Uphupha ngokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya kodwa ungaqiniseki ukuba iminyaka yakho iyakufanelekela na? Umda wobudala bomqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya uxhomekeke kwilayisenisi oyilandelayo, ukusuka kwiLayisensi yoMfundi weNqwelo moya ukuya kwiLayisensi yoMqhubi weNqwelo moya yoRhwebo. Esi sikhokelo sichaza iimfuno zobudala obuncinci, ukuguquguquka kweminyaka ephezulu, kunye nexesha elikrelekrele lokuqala uqeqesho ukuze ukwazi ukucwangcisa uhambo lwakho lokuhamba ngenqwelo moya ngokuzithemba.
Isiqulatho
Ukukhangela umda wobudala obuyi-pilot eIndiya kudla ngokubuya nenani elilula. Impendulo yokwenyani inzima ngakumbi kuba incwadi yemithetho kunye nedesika yokuqesha zisebenza ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.
ICandelo Jikelele leeNqwelomoya zoLuntu alimiseli iminyaka ephezulu yokuqala uqeqesho lokuqhuba abaqhubi beenqwelo moya. Uninzi lwabaqondisi luphelela apho. Into abayiphosayo kukuba iinkampani zeenqwelo moya, imibutho eqesha abaqhubi beenqwelo moya, zibeka imida yazo yeminyaka engqongqo kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na into ekwimigaqo.
Eli nqaku lahlula oko kuvumela umthetho koko kuya kwamkeleka kushishino. Uza kufunda imida yobudala echanekileyo kuyo yonke indlela yovavanyo eIndiya, uqeqesho, ukuqesha, inkonzo yasemkhosini, kunye nomhlalaphantsi, kunye nendlela yokujonga ukufaneleka kwakho ngaphambi kokuba utyale ixesha nemali.
Umthetho we-DGCA Akukho mntu Uthethayo Ngawo
Uninzi lwamanqaku malunga nemida yobudala bomqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya ayichanekanga eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Athetha isiphelo esinzima xa umlawuli ngokwakhe engasibeki sizathu. ICandelo loLawulo lwezoPhapho lwaBantu alibeki mda weminyaka ephezulu yoqeqesho, oko kuthetha ukuba umntu unokuqala isikolo sokubhabha eneminyaka eli-17 okanye engama-50.
Ukudideka kuvela ekudibaniseni imvume yolawulo nomgaqo-nkqubo wokuqesha iinkampani zeenqwelo moya. Indima ye-DGCA kukuqinisekisa ukuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya uyahlangabezana nemigangatho yoqeqesho kunye neyonyango, kungekhona ukugqiba ukuba ngubani oqeshwayo. Inkampani yeenqwelo moya inokumala umntu oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala onelayisenisi egqibeleleyo kuba imodeli yayo yeshishini ifuna imbuyekezo ende kutyalo-mali loqeqesho.
Lo msantsa ubalulekile kuba utshintsha umbuzo ngokupheleleyo. Umbuzo wokwenene awungowokuba “ndingaqalisa uqeqesho?” Nguwo othi “ndingaqeshwa emva koqeqesho?” Uninzi lwabaqondisi bayawuphepha lo mahluko baze bashiye abafundi bengenalo ulwalathiso.
Umthetho we-DGCA ucacile: iLayisensi yoMfundi yokuqhuba iindiza iyafumaneka ukususela kwiminyaka eli-17 ubudala kwaye akukho mda uphezulu. Kodwa umthombo ofanayo uthi ukuqesha iinqwelomoya kudla ngokukhetha abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-35. Loo ngxabano phakathi koko kuvumela umthetho noko kwamkelwa yimarike kulapho uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla ludideka khona.
Iinkcazo zoBudala beenqwelo-moya: Apho umda wokwenyani uhlala khona
I-DGCA isenokungakuthinteli ekuqeqeshweni nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi, kodwa iinkampani zeenqwelo moya ziya kukuthintela. Nguwo lowo umahluko ogqibayo ukuba iphupha lakho lomqhubi liba ngumsebenzi okanye yinto oyithandayo.
Yonke inkampani yeenqwelo-moya eIndiya ibeka umda wayo weminyaka yokuqesha, kwaye inemiqathango engaphezulu kakhulu kunomlawuli. Kwiinkqubo ze-cadet, ukunqunyulwa kudla ngokuba yiminyaka engama-35 okanye ngaphantsi. Inkqubo yovavanyo lwe-cadet ye-Air India, umzekelo, yamkela abaviwa abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nengama-30 ubudala. Elo lithuba elincinci, kwaye livala ngokukhawuleza.
Ezi miqathango zikhona kuba iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya zityala imali eninzi ekuqeqesheni abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abatsha. Zifuna imbuyekezo kuloo mali kangangeminyaka emininzi, hayi iminyaka. I-cadet eneminyaka engama-35 ubudala ineminyaka engama-30 yokubhabha ngaphambi kokuba ithathe umhlala-phantsi onyanzelekileyo ibe yiminyaka engama-65. Umviwa oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala unikezela ngesiqingatha saloo ndlela.
Umsantsa phakathi koko i-DGCA ikuvumelayo noko kufunwa ziinkampani zeenqwelo moya kukuba uninzi lwabantu abaqala emva kwexesha babambeka phi. Ungaba neLayisenisi yoQhushululu lwezoRhwebo esebenzayo xa uneminyaka engama-40 ubudala kodwa ungaqeshwa kwinkampani enkulu. Ilayisenisi ayingomqobo. Umgaqo-nkqubo weminyaka wenkampani yeenqwelo moya yiwo.
Yingakho ukujonga iphepha lokuqesha lenkampani yeenqwelo-moya ekujoliswe kuyo kubaluleke ngaphezu kokufunda imithetho ye-DGCA. Umlawuli ukunika imvume. Inkampani yeenqwelo-moya ikunika umsebenzi. Ezo ziimpendulo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.
Imida yobudala yabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zomkhosi iqinisiwe
Indlela yabantu abaqhelekileyo ayinamida yobudala obuphezulu boqeqesho, kodwa indlela yasemkhosini isebenza ngexesha elahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ubudala bokungena kwabagqatswa boMkhosi woMoya buphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nama-24.. Elo lixesha leminyaka emine, hayi iminyaka engamashumi amane.
Olu luhlu luncinci lukho kuba ukubhabha emkhosini kufuna umsebenzi othile. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya yokulwa udinga amashumi eminyaka yenkonzo emva koqeqesho ukuze athethelele utyalo-mali. I-Indian Air Force iqesha ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lokungeniswa oluqhelekileyo lwe-Air Force (AFCAT) kunye novavanyo lweeNkonzo zoKhuselo eziDibeneyo (CDSE). Zombini iindlela zinyanzelisa umda ofanayo weminyaka.
Umahluko kwimida yabantu abaqhelekileyo awukho nje ngamanani. Umalunga noko le nkqubo yenzelwe ukukuvelisa. Iinqwelomoya zifuna abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanokuhamba ngenqwelo moya iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuba bathathe umhlala-phantsi onyanzelekileyo. Umkhosi ufuna abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanokungena besebancinci, baqeqeshwe ngokuzikhandla, kwaye bakhonze kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeenqwelo moya ngexesha lomsebenzi wabo wonke.
Ukuphoswa leli thuba kuvala indlela yomkhosi ngonaphakade. Akukho nkqubo yokungena emva kwexesha, akukho mvume yokukhululwa kubaviwa ababalaseleyo, akukho thuba lesibini xa uneminyaka engama-30. Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-24 kwaye uzimisele ukubhabha emkhosini, loo mnyango uvaliwe.
Yingakho umahluko phakathi kwemithetho ye-DGCA kunye nokuqeshwa kweenqwelo moya kubaluleke ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukuba semkhosini. Inkqubo yoluntu inika ukuguquguquka. Umkhosi awunikeli nto.
Ubudala Bokuthatha Umhlala-phantsi: Xa Abaqhubi Beenqwelo-moya Kufuneka Bayeke Ukubhabha
Ubudala bokuthatha umhlala-phantsi obunyanzelekileyo obungama-65 kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zorhwebo eIndiya abuyongcebiso, ngumlinganiselo onzima omiselweyo yiCandelo loLawulo lwezoPhapho lwaBantu. Lo ngumda omnye wobudala osebenza ngokufanayo kuzo zonke iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya, nokuba zikhetha ukuqesha okanye zifanelekile na uqeqesho. Ngumhla wokugqibela oza kusebenzela kuwo wonke umsebenzi wokuqhuba inqwelo-moya eIndiya.
Kude kube kutshanje, loo mda wawuphantsi kubaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abaninzi. I-Air India inyuse i- ubudala bokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kubaqhubi bayo beenqwelo-moya ukusuka kwiminyaka engama-58 ukuya kwengama-65, okuhambelana nomlinganiselo ophezulu we-DGCA. Olo tshintsho lodwa lwandisa imisebenzi ngeminyaka esixhenxe kumakhulu abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya ababeza kugxothwa emsebenzini ngaphambili.
Intsingiselo ilula. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya oqala uqeqesho eneminyaka eli-17 aze angene kwi-cockpit eneminyaka engama-21 unethuba lomsebenzi weminyaka engama-44. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya oqala eneminyaka engama-35 uneminyaka engama-30 kuphela. Izibalo ziyatshintsha oko kuthethwa "kukuqala emva kwexesha".
Lo ngumda weminyaka obaluleke kakhulu kuba nguwo kuphela ongenakuxoxisana ngawo. Iinqwelomoya zingayeka imida yobudala yokuqesha. I-DGCA inokukhupha iilayisenisi zoqeqesho nangaliphi na ixesha. Kodwa xa ineminyaka engama-65, incwadi yokubhalisa iyavalwa. Akukho zikhetho, akukho kwandiswa kwexesha, akukho zibheno.
Umbuzo ekufuneka ubuzwa yi-pilot enomdla awungowokuba ingaba bangaqala na uqeqesho, kodwa kukuba bangakwazi na ukwakha ixesha elaneleyo lomsebenzi ngaphambi kokuba kufike ixesha lokugqibela.
Ngaba Ungaqalisa Uqeqesho Emva Kweminyaka Engama-40?
Impendulo enyanisekileyo ithi ewe, ungaqala uqeqesho lokubhabha xa uneminyaka engama-40, kodwa kuphela ukuba uzimisele ukwamkela ukuba ukhetho lwakho lomsebenzi luya kuthintelwa kakhulu. Umgaqo-nkqubo wobudala obuvulekileyo ngumthetho wokwenyani we-DGCA, kodwa yimvume, asisosithembiso. Uninzi lwabantu ababuza lo mbuzo bacinga ngomsebenzi we-cockpit, hayi umdlalo.
Ukuba injongo yakho kukufumana iLayisensi yoMqhubi waBucala okanye ukubhabha ukuze wonwabe, i-40 ilungile ngokugqibeleleyo. Ungaqeqeshwa nakwesiphi na isikolo esivunyiweyo yi-DGCA, ubhale iiyure zakho, kwaye ubhabhe inqwelo-moya enenjini enye ngeempelaveki. Uqeqesho ngokwalo alutshintshi. Iimfuno zonyango azitshintshi. Into etshintshayo kuphela zizibalo kwindlela yakho yomsebenzi.
Kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo moya, izibalo zinzima kakhulu. Ukuqala uqeqesho uneminyaka engama-40 kuthetha ukuba uza kufumana iLayisensi yakho yoQeqeshiso lweeNqwelo-moya malunga nama-42 eminyaka. Emva koko kuya kufuneka wakhe iiyure zokubhabha, uphumelele udliwanondlebe lweenqwelo moya, kwaye ufumane ireyithingi yohlobo lwenqwelo moya. Ngexesha ofanelekela ngalo isikhundla se-First Officer, usenokuba neminyaka eli-15 ukuya kweli-18 ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala bomhlalaphantsi obunyanzelekileyo obungama-65 eminyaka. Elo alanelanga ukuba uninzi lweenkampani zeenqwelo moya ziphinde zifumane imali yazo yoqeqesho.
Iikomiti zokuqesha iinkampani zeenqwelo moya azimjongi umntu oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala ngomdla ofanayo nomntu oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala. Zibona ithuba elifutshane lokubuyela emsebenzini, iindleko eziphezulu zeinshorensi, kunye nomqhubi wenqwelo moya oza kuthatha umhlala-phantsi ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kwizikhundla eziphezulu zolawulo. Umthetho we-DGCA uthi ungaqeqeshwa. Imakethi ithetha enye into.
Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40 kwaye uzimisele ngokubhabha, qala ufumane iLayisensi yakho yoMqhubi wePrivate kuqala. Jonga ukuba umdla wakho uya kuhlala ukho na. Emva koko gqiba kwelokuba ingaba utyalo-mali lwemali kunye nexesha kwi-CPL lunengqiqo na xa ucinga ngenyani yokuqesha.
Imida Yobudala YeeLayisensi Zokuqhuba Ezihlukeneyo
Ilayisenisi nganye yokuqhuba inqwelo moya eIndiya inomgangatho wayo weminyaka, kwaye umsantsa phakathi kwabo ubaluleke ngaphezu kokuba uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla becinga. Ubudala obuncinci beLayisensi yokuqhuba inqwelo moya yabafundi yi Iminyaka eli-17 yeLayisensi yoMqhubi woMfundi, ngelixa iLayisensi yoQhushululu lwezoRhwebo ifuna ukuba umfaki-sicelo abe neminyaka eli-18 ubuncinci. La manani awanalo ucwangco, achaza ukuba ungangena njani kuqeqesho kwangethuba kwaye ungaqhubeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwinkqubo.
- Ilayisenisi yoMfundi yokuqhuba (i-SPL): ubuncinci beminyaka eli-17
- Ilayisenisi yokuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelomoya yoRhwebo (CPL): ubuncinci beminyaka eli-18
- Ilayisenisi yokuqhuba umqhubi wenqwelo moya (ATPL): ubuncinci beminyaka engama-21
- Ilayisenisi yokuqhuba iPrivate Pilot (PPL): ubuncinci beminyaka eli-17
- Uvavanyo loMqeqeshi weNqwelo-moya: ubuncinci beminyaka eli-18
- Uhlobo lweNqanaba: ubuncinci beminyaka eli-18
Ipatheni apha ayipheleli nje kwinani elincinci. Umda wokwenyani lixesha eliphakathi kweelayisenisi. Umqhubi wenqwelo moya oqala kwi-17 ye-SPL unokugcina i-CPL nge-18, kodwa i-ATPL, efunekayo ukuba ilawule iinqwelomoya zorhwebo, ifuna amava eminyaka emithathu eyongezelelweyo kunye neeyure zokubhabha ezigciniweyo. Elo thuba kulapho uninzi lwabaqala emva kwexesha belahlekelwa khona ngumgangatho.
Jonga iminyaka yakho ngokwelayisenisi oyifunayo, hayi leyo ivakala ilula ukuyifumana. Ukuba injongo yakho kukulawula inqwelo moya, umgangatho we-ATPL weminyaka engama-21 ngumgca wakho wokuqala, hayi ubuncinci be-SPL be-17.
Indlela Yokujonga Ukufaneleka Kwakho Namhlanje
Ukuchonga okwakho ngokwenene iimfuno zokufaneleka komqhubi wenqwelo moya kubandakanya ulandelelwano lweetshekhi ezine, nganye ihluza uhlobo olwahlukileyo lomntu onqwenelayo. Uninzi lwabantu luyema emva kolokuqala, yiyo loo nto bephela bemangalisiwe xa isikolo seenqwelo-moya okanye inqwelo-moya ingazamkeli.
Inyathelo 1. Qinisekisa ukuba ungaphumelela uvavanyo lwezonyango lweKlasi yoku-1 ye-DGCA. Eli lisango elithintela abantu abaninzi kunanoma yimuphi umda weminyaka. Ngaphandle kwesi siqinisekiso sezonyango, akukho nyathelo limbi lokufaneleka elibalulekileyo.
Inyathelo 2. Khetha ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwelayisenisi oluhambelana nomnqweno wakho. Ilayisenisi yoMqhubi wezoRhwebo ifuna ubuncinane ubudala, kodwa ilayisenisi yoMqhubi wezoRhwebo waBucala ayinaso isilinganiselo esiphezulu soqeqesho. Ukukhetha indlela engalunganga ngokusekelwe kwiminqweno engacacanga kuchitha ixesha nemali.
Inyathelo 3. Jonga iminyaka yakho yangoku ngokwemiqathango yobudala yokuqeshwa kwinkampani yeenqwelo-moya ekujoliswe kuyo. Inkampani nganye ipapasha uluhlu lwayo, kwaye le miqathango ayinakuxoxiswana ngayo. Umntu ophumelele izifundo zobugqirha kodwa angalinaki eli nyathelo uya kuqeqeshwa kumsebenzi ongasoze uvulwe.
Inyathelo 4. Bala ukuba zingaphi iminyaka yokubhabha eseleyo ngaphambi komhla wokugqibela wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Nokuba uhlangabezana nazo zonke ezinye iimfuno, ukuqala kade kuthetha ukuba iminyaka embalwa yokufumana umvuzo kunye nomsebenzi oxineneyo. Olu balo lugqiba ekubeni utyalo-mali lwezemali lunengqiqo na.
Ukugqiba ezi cheki zine kukunika impendulo ecacileyo ethi ewe okanye hayi ngaphambi kokuba uchithe i-rupee enye kuqeqesho. Impendulo ayisoloko iyinto ofuna ukuyiva, kodwa yile kufuneka uyenze.
Inyathelo Lakho Elilandelayo Eliya Kwi-Cockpit
Umsantsa phakathi koko i-DGCA ikuvumelayo noko iinkampani zeenqwelo-moya ziqesha kona yingxaki enye ebiza kakhulu kwiinqwelo-moya zaseIndiya. Umfundi obona loo mahluko ngoku ngokucacileyo sele esindise iminyaka yomzamo ochithwayo kunye nethemba elingafanelekanga.
Ukujonga ukufaneleka kwenkampani yeenqwelo moya enye akwanelanga. Wonke umntu ophetheyo upapasha uluhlu lwakhe lweminyaka, kwaye olo luhlu luyatshintsha ngokweemeko zemarike. Umviwa ocinga ukuba umda wenkampani yeenqwelo moya uyasebenza kubo bonke uya kwenza izigqibo kwiindawo ezingezizo. Ixabiso laloo ngcinga lilinganiswa kwiindleko zoqeqesho, kungekhona izicelo eziphosiweyo.
Fowunela isikolo sokubhabha esivunyiweyo yi-DGCA ngqo. Bacele ukuba balinganise iminyaka yakho ngokwemigaqo yokuqesha yangoku yenqwelo moya nganye abafaka kuyo abafundi abaphumeleleyo. Vumela impendulo yabo igqibe ukuba uyayilandela na uqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelomoya eIndiya ngomsebenzi worhwebo okanye ilayisenisi yabucala. Loo ncoko inye ibaluleke ngaphezu kwanoma yiliphi inqaku.
Imibuzo Eqhelekileyo Malunga Nemida Yobudala Bomqhubi Wenqwelo-moya eIndiya
Ndingaba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya xa ndineminyaka engama-40?
Ewe, usenokuqeqeshwa ukuze ufumane ilayisenisi yokuqhuba inqwelo moya xa uneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, kodwa ukhetho lwakho lomsebenzi luya kukhawulelwa kwimisebenzi yokubhabha yabucala okanye imisebenzi engacwangciswanga endaweni yomsebenzi omkhulu weenqwelo moya. Umqobo osebenzayo asikoqeqesho ngokwalo kodwa kukuba unako na ukuqokelela iiyure ezaneleyo zokubhabha ngaphambi kokuba ube neminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Ingakanani imali efunyanwa ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya i-777?
Ukapteni weBoeing 777 kwinkampani enkulu yeenqwelo moya yaseIndiya ufumana umvuzo ombeka phakathi kweengcali ezihlawulwa kakhulu kweli lizwe, kunye nentlawulo iyonke edlula kakhulu eyomlawuli weenqwelo moya zasekhaya. Inani elichanekileyo lixhomekeke kwisikhundla esiphezulu, iiyure zokuhamba ngenqwelo moya, kunye nolwakhiwo lomvuzo wenkampani yeenqwelo moya ethile, kodwa kwanele ukwenza umsebenzi ube notshintsho kwezemali kwabo bafikelela kwisihlalo sasekhohlo.
Ndingaba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya xa ndineminyaka engama-40 eIndiya?
Imigaqo ye-DGCA ikuvumela ukuba uqale uqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelo moya xa uneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, kodwa akukho nkampani yeenqwelo moya enkulu yaseIndiya eya kuqesha igosa lokuqala eliza kuba nesithuba esingaphantsi kweminyaka engamashumi amabini yenkonzo ngaphambi komhla wokugqibela wokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. Indlela yakho yokwenyani ibandakanya ukubhabha ngasese, ukusebenzela umqhubi wenqwelo moya, okanye ukulandela umsebenzi wokuba ngumqeqeshi weenqwelo moya endaweni yokuba ngukapteni weenqwelo moya.
Ngaba umntu oneminyaka engama-70 ubudala angaba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya?
Umntu oneminyaka engama-70 ubudala akanakusebenza njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya eIndiya kuba iminyaka yokuthatha umhlala-phantsi enyanzelekileyo engama-65 isebenza kuzo zonke iinkqubo zeenqwelomoya ngaphandle kokukhetha. Uhambo lokubhabha olufumanekayo kuphela kuloo minyaka luqhutywa njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya ozimeleyo oqhuba inqwelomoya engeyoyarhwebo phantsi kwesatifikethi sezonyango esisemthethweni.
