ⓘ TL;DR
- Ukufaneleka komqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya kufuna ubuncinane ubudala, iminyaka eli-10+2 kunye neFiziksi kunye neMathematika, kunye nemvume yezonyango evunyiweyo yi-DGCA.
- Ukungabikho kwe-PCM esikolweni akusosiphelo. Ungafaneleka nge-NIOS okanye iibhodi ezivunyiweyo ezilinganayo.
- Ukufaneleka kwezonyango ngumlindi wokwenene. Soloko ugcwalisa uvavanyo lwezonyango lweKlasi yoku-1 okanye yeKlasi yesi-2 ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise.
- Ubuzwe buchaphazela ingqesho, akusoloko kuchaphazela uqeqesho. Ukunika iilayisenisi kunye nokuqeshwa kweenqwelo-moya kulandela imithetho eyahlukeneyo.
- Umthetho woqeqesho lwe-3 ukuya kwi-1 kunye nemfuneko yezemfundo ye-60% zizihluzi, hayi iindonga, ukuba uyaziqonda iindlela ezahlukeneyo.
Isiqulatho
Zonke izikhokelo malunga nokufaneleka komqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya zidwelisa iimfuno ezifanayo. Imida yobudala. Iziqinisekiso zemfundo. Imigangatho yezonyango. Imithetho yobuzwe. Akukho nanye kuzo echazayo kukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa ungayifezekisi, okanye indlela yokulungisa loo nto.
Umsantsa phakathi kokufunda imfuneko kunye nokufaneleka kwayo kulapho uninzi lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya abanomdla belahlekelwa khona ngamandla. Bajonga ibhokisi, bafumanise ukuba bayasilela, baze bacinge ukuba ucango luvaliwe. Akwenzeki njalo. Imithetho ikhona ngezizathu ezibalulekileyo, kodwa neendlela zokusombulula iingxaki zikhona, kwaye akukho mntu ubhala ngazo.
Eli nqaku ligubungela ingqiqo engasemva kwayo yonke imithetho yokufaneleka kwe-DGCA kunye neendlela zokwenyani zokufaneleka xa ungafanelani neprofayili eqhelekileyo. Awuyi kuqonda nje kuphela ukuba zeziphi iimfuno, kodwa nesizathu sokuba zikhona kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba uphoswe yenye.
Umthetho Weminyaka Obamba Uninzi Lwabafaki-zicelo
Iimfuno zobudala ze uqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelomoya eIndiya Ayizizo iinombolo ezingacwangciswanga ezithathwe kwincwadi yemiyalelo. Zikho kuba i-DGCA yakha isakhelo sayo selayisenisi malunga nobude bexesha lomsebenzi kunye nobude bexesha loqeqesho, kwaye umsantsa phakathi koko kuthethwa yimithetho kunye noko abafaki-zicelo bacinga ukuba kulapho uninzi lwabantu lukhubeka khona.
Ilayisenisi yoMqhubi waBafundi ivula xa uneminyaka eli-17 ubudala, kwaye ilayisenisi yoMqhubi waBathengi bezoRhwebo ifuna ukuba ube neminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Le minyaka ihambelana nexesha apho umviwa anokuthatha khona uxanduva lokusebenzisa inqwelo moya ngokusemthethweni kwaye xa egqibe imfundo yakhe ye-10+2. Ingqiqo ilula: awunakuqala uqeqesho ngaphambi kokuba ukhule ngokwaneleyo ukujongana neemfuno zemfundo nezomzimba, kwaye awunakuba ne-CPL de ube ngumntu omdala ngokusemthethweni.
Umda weminyaka engama-35 weenkqubo ze-airline cadet kulapho kukho khona ukungqubana kokwenyani. Lo mda ukho kuba iinkampani zeenqwelo moya zifuna imbuyekezo kutyalo-mali lwazo loqeqesho, umqhubi wenqwelo moya oqeshwe eneminyaka engama-35 uneminyaka embalwa yokusebenza ngaphambi kweminyaka yobudala bomhlalaphantsi obunyanzelekileyo obungama-65. Kumntu omdala kunama-35 osafuna ukubhabha, indlela ayivalwanga. Ukubhabha ngasese, imisebenzi yokuqesha, kunye nemisebenzi yokufundisa kuhlala kuvulekile, kwaye abaqhubi beenqwelo moya abaninzi bakha imisebenzi eyanelisayo ngaphandle kwenkqubo yeenqwelo moya.
Impazamo eyenziwa ngabafaki-zicelo abadala kukuthatha ukuba umda wenkqubo ye-cadet usebenza kuzo zonke iilayisenisi zokuqhuba. ukufaneleka koqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya Umgaqo-nkqubo wahlula ukuqeshwa kweenqwelo-moya kwilayisenisi, kwaye ukuqonda ukuba umahluko yikona okugcina ucango luvulekile kwabo baqala emva kwexesha.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ungazange uthathe i-PCM
Uloyiko luyaqala xa uqaphela ukuba ukusasaza kwakho kwe-10+2 yayikuRhwebo okanye uBugcisa kwaye i-DGCA ifuna iFiziksi, iMathematika, kunye nesiNgesi. Uninzi lwabantu lucinga ukuba oku kukuphela okungapheliyo. Akukuphela okungapheliyo. Yindlela ephambukayo efuna ukulungiswa okuthile endaweni yokuqalisa kwakhona ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaphambi: Uchitha iiveki uphanda ngezikolo zokuqhuba inqwelo moya, uze ufumanise ukuba zonke iifomu zesicelo zifuna amanqaku akho e-PCM. Ukufaneleka komqhubi we-cadet we-Air India iphepha uze uqinisekise imfuneko enzima. Ingcinga iyaqina: ukhetho lwakho lokusasaza uneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu luvale ngokupheleleyo indlela yomsebenzi owayifumana uneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesibini. Ungayishiya le ngcinga okanye uqale ukuphanda iinkqubo zamazwe ngamazwe ezibizayo ezingayilandeliyo ngokupheleleyo imfuneko yaseIndiya.
Emva: Ubhalisa kwiNational Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) kwaye uthatha iFiziksi, iMathematika, kunye nesiNgesi njengezifundo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ziimviwo eziqhelekileyo zebhodi, azizo iinguqulelo ezilula. Ufunda isilabhasi enye, ubhala iimviwo ezifanayo, kwaye ufumana isiqinisekiso esifanayo nesakhe nawuphi na umfundi webhodi ye-CBSE okanye yephondo.
Isiphumo sisisatifikethi esihlaziyiweyo se-10+2 esihlangabezana neemfuno ze-DGCA ngaphandle kokuphinda yonke iminyaka yakho emibini yokufunda. Ezinye izikolo zeenqwelo moya nazo ziyazamkela iziqinisekiso ezifanayo kwiibhodi ezivunyiweyo, ngoko ke ukujonga imigaqo-nkqubo yesikolo ngasinye ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele kwi-NIOS konga ixesha.
Indlela oyikhethileyo xa uneminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu ayichazi ukuba uza kuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya xa uneminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu. Ukuzimisela ukuthatha iimviwo ezintathu ezongezelelweyo kuyakwenza oko.
Ukuqina Kwempilo Kwezonyango: Umgcini-sango Akukho mntu Ukulumkisayo Ngaye
The uvavanyo lwezonyango Iphelisa amaphupha amaninzi ovavanyo kunanoma yiyiphi na imfuneko yemfundo. Uninzi lwabantu abafuna ukuphumelela luchitha iinyanga lulungiselela amaphepha abo omaki kwaye aluze lujonge ukuba imizimba yabo iya kupasa na imigangatho ye-DGCA emisela ukufaneleka.
Iimfuno zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbalwa ezingaxoxiswana ngazo:
- Unyango lweKlasi 1 lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya zorhwebo
- Unyango lweKlasi yesi-2 lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya abazimeleyo
- Umbono ungalungiswa ube yi-6/6 emehlweni omabini
- Akukho mbala ongaboniyo nangayiphi na inqanaba
- Ukuva okuqhelekileyo kuzo zombini iindlebe
- Imbali ecocekileyo yentliziyo kunye neyemithambo-luvo
- Akukho zigulo ezingapheliyo ngaphandle kokukhululwa kwimiqathango ekhethekileyo
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini
Okwenza olu vavanyo lube lubi asikokuba lunemigangatho yomntu ngamnye kodwa yimpembelelo eqokelelweyo. Umviwa angaphumelela umbono, angaphumeleli xa intliziyo yakhe ingavumi ukuva, kwaye angaze azi ukuba ngowuphi uchwephesha afanele ukuya kuye ukuze afumane uluvo lwesibini. I-DGCA ayipapashi uluhlu lweemeko ezifanelekileyo zokuxolelwa, nto leyo eshiya abaninzi abafunayo bebambeke phakathi kovavanyo olungaphumelelanga kunye nenyathelo elilandelayo elicacileyo.
Qala ngokuhlolwa kwangaphambili kwiziko lezonyango elivunyiweyo ngaphambi kokuba ubandakanyeke kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yoqeqesho. iikhrayitheriya zokufaneleka kwi-pilot Iphepha leCosmoi Pilot lichaza ukuba zeziphi iimeko ezaziyo iindlela zokungavumi. Ukwazi ukuba uvavanyo luvavanya ntoni ngokwenene kunika ithuba lokulwa ukujongana nemiba ngaphambi kokuba ingafaneleki.
Umbuzo Wobuzwe Akukho Mntu Uwuphendula Ngokucacileyo
Uninzi lwabaqondisi lujonga ubuzwe njengebhokisi yokujonga ewe-hayi elula, kodwa inyani ibanzi kakhulu. Ubuzwe baseIndiya buyimfuneko kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo moya zorhwebo eIndiya nakwimisebenzi yoMkhosi woMoya, kodwa imithetho ejikeleze uqeqesho ayithinteli kangako njengoko uninzi lwabantu abanqwenelayo becinga. Ukudideka kuvela ekudibaniseni ukuba ngubani onokuqeqeshwa ngubani onokuqeshwa.
Abantu abangengabo abemi banokuqeqeshwa ngokupheleleyo kwizikolo zokuqhuba inqwelo moya zaseIndiya baze bafumane I-DGCA CPL. Lo mqathango uqala kwinqanaba lengqesho, abemi bamanye amazwe abanakusebenza njengabaqhubi beenqwelo moya zorhwebo kwiinqwelo moya zaseIndiya ngaphandle kwemvume ethile engafumaneki rhoqo. Oku kudala imeko ecaphukisayo apho umntu egqiba uqeqesho kodwa engenakusebenzisa ilayisenisi yasekhaya.
Isisombululo silula kwabo bazimisele ukujonga ngaphaya kwemida yaseIndiya. Qeqesha kwamanye amazwe, eMelika, eKhanada, okanye eYurophu, uze ubuye ne-CPL enokuguqulwa ngenkqubo yokulingana ye-DGCA. Ezinye iinkampani zeenqwelo moya zangaphandle zikwaqhuba iinkqubo ze-cadet ezivulelekileyo kubemi baseIndiya kunye nee-NRI, zidlula ngokupheleleyo umda wengqesho yasekhaya. indlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya Akunyanzelekanga ukuba iqale ize iphele ngaphakathi komgaqo-nkqubo waseIndiya.
Ii-NRI zijongene nemithetho eyahlukileyo kancinci. Ezinye iinkqubo ze-cadet ziyabamkela ngokucacileyo abafakizicelo baseIndiya abangengabo abemi, kwaye i-DGCA ayibathinteli ii-NRI ekuqeqeshweni ngaphakathi. Umbuzo wokwenyani kukuba ingaba utyalo-mali loqeqesho lunengqiqo na ukuba injongo ngumsebenzi weenqwelo moya zaseIndiya, kwaye uninzi lwee-NRI, uqeqesho lwaphesheya lubonelela ngokuguquguquka okungcono.
Umthetho wokuba ngummi awulodonga. Luphawu olukhomba indlela eya kwindlela yoqeqesho ehambelana nendawo ekujoliswe kuyo umsebenzi.
Kutheni uMthetho we-60% ukhona kwaye xa ungasebenzi
Imfuneko ye-60% iyonke kwi-10+2 ayibalulekanga kangako malunga nokugcinwa kwesikolo kodwa imalunga novavanyo lwe-DGCA lokuba umviwa angakwazi na ukujongana nomthwalo wolwazi loqeqesho lokubhabha.
Uqeqesho lokuqhuba abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya lwezorhwebo lufuna ukufunxwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-aerodynamics, ukuhambahamba, i-meteorology, kunye neenkqubo zeenqwelo-moya, izinto ezakhelwe ngqo kwiziseko zefiziksi kunye nezibalo. Lo mthetho ukho kuba abafundi ababesokola ngezi zifundo esikolweni abafane bafikelele kuxinzelelo lweshedyuli yoqeqesho.
Ukufumana amanqaku angaphantsi kwama-60% akuwuvali wonke umnyango. Ezinye iinkqubo ze-cadet zisebenza ngemida ephantsi, ingakumbi ezo ziqhutywa ziinkampani zeenqwelo-moya ezibeka phambili uvavanyo lokukwazi ngaphezu kwamanqaku eemviwo. Ezi nkqubo zisebenzisa iinkqubo zazo zokuhlola, iimvavanyo ze-psychometric, uvavanyo lwe-simulator, kunye nodliwanondlebe, ukuvavanya abaviwa ngokuthe ngqo kunokuthembela kwiingxelo zemfundo njenge-proxy.
I-National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) inikezela ngendlela esebenzayo kubafundi abafuna ukuphinda bathathe iFiziksi, iMathematika, okanye isiNgesi ukuze bafikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Le ayisiyondlela imfutshane. Ifuna ukugqiba izifundo kunye nokupasa iimviwo ngokuzimeleyo, rhoqo ngelixa ilawula ezinye izibophelelo. Kodwa yindlela esemthethweni eqatshelwa yi-DGCA, kwaye incede abaviwa abaninzi abathathe i-Commerce okanye i-Arts esikolweni ukuba batshintshele kwimisebenzi yeenqwelo moya.
Ezinye izikolo zeenqwelo moya zamkela iziqinisekiso ezifanayo ezivela kwiibhodi ezivunyiweyo, ingakumbi kubafundi bamanye amazwe okanye abo banezidanga kwiinkalo ezifanelekileyo. Isitshixo kukuqinisekisa nesikolo kunye ne-DGCA ngaphambi kokuba bazibophelele kwinkqubo yoqeqesho. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy isebenza nabafundi abafuna ukuhlangabezana nale mfuneko ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ibanceda ukuba bachonge ukuba zeziphi iindlela ezisebenzayo kwimvelaphi yabo ethile yemfundo.
Umthetho we-60% sisihluzo, hayi udonga. Umbuzo kukuba ingaba umviwa uzimisele na ukwenza umsebenzi owongezelelweyo ukuze abonakalise ukulungela ngendlela eyahlukileyo.
Ixabiso Lokwenene Lokuhlangabezana Neemfuneko Zonke
Ixabiso lokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya liyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwindlela oyikhethileyo, kwaye ukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwangaphambili alusoloko lungcono kakhulu kwixesha elide. I-DGCA CPL evela kwisikolo sokubhabha saseIndiya ibonakala ingabizi kakhulu ephepheni, kodwa iindleko ezifihlakeleyo ezifana neeyure zoqeqesho ezongeziweyo kunye novavanyo lwezonyango oluphindaphindwayo zihlala zinyusa iindleko zokugqibela.
Uqeqesho lwaphesheya okanye ngenkqubo ye-cadet lutshintsha ngokupheleleyo indlela esetyenziswa ngayo imali, lurhweba ngeentlawulo eziphezulu kwangaphambili ukuze kubekho amaxesha akhawulezileyo kunye nezinto ezimbalwa ezingalindelekanga.
Uthelekiso lweeNdlela zoQeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya
Uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lweendleko, amaxesha amiselweyo, kunye neendleko ezifihlakeleyo ezinxulumene neendlela eziphambili zokufumana ilayisenisi yorhwebo.
| Indlela | Iprofayile yeendleko | Ixesha lokufumana iLayisensi | Iindleko Ezifihlakeleyo Eziphambili |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-DGCA CPL eIndiya | Ixabiso eliphakathi elingaphambili, eliguquguqukayo eliphezulu | Iinyanga ezi-18–24 eziqhelekileyo | Ukuhlolwa kwezonyango okuphindaphindiweyo, ukuthathwa kwakhona kweenqwelo-moya esikolweni, ukulibaziseka kokufumaneka kweenqwelo-moya |
| Inkqubo yeCadet (i-IndiGo, i-Air India) | Ixabiso eliphezulu elingaphambili nelizinzileyo | Iinyanga ezi-12-18 | Iimali zebhondi, indawo yokuhlala, iyunifomu kunye nezixhobo |
| Uqeqesho Kwamanye Amazwe (e-USA, eKhanada) | Iphezulu kakhulu, isenokuqikelelwa | Iinyanga ezi-12-16 | Iindleko zeVisa, iindleko zokuphila, iifizi zokuguqula i-CPL |
| I-EASA ATPL (eYurophu) | Iphezulu kakhulu ngaphambili | Iinyanga ezi-18-24 | Uvavanyo lobuchule bolwimi, ukalisho lohlobo, ukuguqulwa kube yi-DGCA |
Kwabaninzi abafuna umsebenzi eIndiya, inkqubo ye-cadet inikezela ngexabiso elingcono kakhulu elihlengahlengisiweyo lomngcipheko, ixabiso eliphezulu kwangaphambili, kodwa ixesha elimiselweyo kunye nodliwanondlebe oluqinisekisiweyo lweenqwelo moya ekugqibeleni. Uqeqesho lwangaphandle lusebenza kakuhle kwabo bafuna inkqubela phambili ekhawulezileyo kwaye bazimisele ukusingatha amaphepha okuguqula kamva.
Indlela yasekhaya ye-DGCA ihlala iyeyona ndawo ifikelelekayo yokungena, kodwa kuphela ukuba unako ukufunxa ukungaqiniseki kweendleko eziguquguqukayo kunye nexesha elandisiweyo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele kuyo nayiphi na indlela, qinisekisa ukuba usempilweni na, yindleko enye engenakulungiseka xa imali ingaphumeleli. iimfuno zokufaneleka komqhubi wenqwelo moya ukuze ubone ukuba yeyiphi indlela ehambelana nemeko yakho ethile.
Oko Kuthethwa Ngumthetho We-3 ukuya ku-1 Kuqeqesho Lwakho
Umthetho we-3 ukuya kwi-1 ngumthetho we-DGCA wokuba kwiyure nganye ezintathu zoqeqesho lokubhabha, umfundi kufuneka agqibe iyure enye yokufundiswa emhlabeni. Lo mlinganiselo awusiso isiphakamiso okanye isikhokelo, bubuncinci obumiselweyo obufakwe kwisakhiwo sesilabhasi esibonisa ukuba iiyure zakho zoqeqesho ziyabalwa na kwilayisenisi yakho.
Uninzi lwabantu abafuna umsebenzi wesikolo samabanga aphantsi baphatha isikolo samabanga aphantsi njengomsebenzi wesikolo abanokukhetha ukuwuqhuba kamva. Loo ngcamango iyasilela kuba umthetho we-3 ukuya ku-1 udibanisa uqeqesho lwasemhlabeni nolwasemoyeni kunye ngokwexesha, kungekuphela nje kwiiyure zizonke. Umfundi obhala iiyure ezingamashumi amane zexesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya ngaphandle kweeyure zendiza ezihambelanayo uya kufumana ezo yure zokubhabha zingamkelekanga ngexesha lophononongo lwesicelo selayisenisi.
Lo mthetho ukho kuba i-DGCA ifuna ubuncinane iiyure zoqeqesho xa iyonke, kwaye umlinganiselo uqinisekisa ukuba imiyalelo yomhlaba ihambelana nokubhabha okusebenzayo. isikolo samabanga aphantsi Ayigcini xesha, idala ukusilela okulibazisa yonke inqwelo moya elandelayo de iiyure zomhlaba zifike. Izikolo ezicwangcisa uqeqesho lomhlaba nolokuhamba ngenqwelo moya ngokwahlukeneyo zihlala zishiya abafundi belinde iiveki ukuba amaphepha alungelelaniswe.
Iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezidibeneyo Sombulula oku ngokuhlanganisa isifundo ngasinye sokubhabha nenxalenye yaso yomhlaba ngaloo mini inye. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy yakha isilabhasi yayo ngoko ke ukufundiswa komhlaba kuqala ngaphambi kwebhloko nganye yokubhabha, oko kuthetha ukuba umlinganiselo ufezekiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle kokuba umfundi awulandele ngokwahlukileyo. Umthetho uyeka ukuba yintloko yokuthobela imithetho kwaye ube sisigqi sokufundisa.
Inyathelo Lakho Elilandelayo Emva Kokujonga Ibhokisi Ngayinye
Ukufaneleka koqeqesho lokuqhuba inqwelo moya eIndiya akuyonto unokuyiphosa okanye uyibethe. Yinkqubo enezinto ezihambayo, nganye inengqiqo kunye nesisombululo esingakhankanywanga ngabakhokeli abaninzi.
Umfundi ongena kwisikolo sokubhabha sele eqinisekisile ukuba usempilweni kwakhe kwezonyango waza wakhetha indlela yoqeqesho ehambelana nemfundo yakhe uya kusindisa iinyanga zokudideka kunye namawaka eemali ezichithwayo. Umfundi ojonga ukufaneleka njengoluhlu lokuhlola olufanele lukhethwe ngokulandelelana uya kufumanisa ukuba ibhokisi enye engaphawulwanga iphazamisa yonke into.
Qinisekisa ukuba usempilweni kwezonyango kuqala. Elo nyathelo linye lichaza okungakumbi ngendlela yakho kunayo nayiphi na enye imfuneko. Emva koko khetha iqabane loqeqesho eliqondayo indlela le mithetho edibana ngayo. I-Florida Flyers Flight Academy inceda abafundi ukuba bahambe kwinkqubo epheleleyo yokufaneleka, ukusuka ekuhlolweni kwangaphambili kwezonyango ukuya kwezinye iindlela zemfundo, ngoko ke imithetho iba yimephu yendlela endaweni yokuba ngumqobo.
Imibuzo Eqhelekileyo Malunga Nokufaneleka Komqhubi Wenqwelo-moya eIndiya
Ngaba ndingaba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya ukuba ndinxiba iiglasi?
Ewe, ukunxiba iiglasi akukwenzi ungafaneleki ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya. I-DGCA ifuna ukuba umbono wakho ulungelelaniswe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6/6 kwiliso ngalinye, oko kuthetha ukuba iiglasi okanye iilensi zonxibelelwano zamkelekile ngokupheleleyo lo gama nje umbono wakho ongalungiswanga uhlangabezana nomgangatho ophantsi.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba andiphumelelanga kuvavanyo lwezonyango?
Ukungaphumeleli kuvavanyo lwezonyango akusoloko kukuphela kwendlela, njengoko ezinye iimeko zinokurhoxiswa ngemvume yochwephesha evela kwi-DGCA. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuchonga ukuba yeyiphi iparameter oye wasilela kuyo kwaye ulandele unyango lokurhoxisa okanye lokulungisa ngaphambi kokuba uphinde ufake isicelo, endaweni yokucinga ukuba iziphumo zigqibelele.
Ngaba kukho umda weminyaka yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya eIndiya?
Ewe, kukho imida yeminyaka, kodwa ixhomekeke kuhlobo lokubhabha ofuna ukulwenza. Kufuneka ube neminyaka eli-17 ubuncinci kwiLayisensi yoMfundi yokuqhuba inqwelo moya kunye ne-18 kwiLayisensi yokuqhuba inqwelo moya yoRhwebo, ngelixa iinkqubo ze-cadet zihlala zifikelela kuma-35, nangona ukubhabha ngasese kuhlala kuvulekile kakhulu emva kwaloo minyaka.
Uthini umthetho we-3 ukuya kwi-1 wabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya?
Umthetho we-3 ukuya kwi-1 ufuna ukuba qho emva kweeyure ezintathu zoqeqesho lokubhabha olugqibileyo, kufuneka ubhalise neyure enye yoqeqesho lomhlaba. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba wakha ulwazi lwethiyori kunye nezakhono zokubhabha ezisebenzayo, kwaye iinkqubo zoqeqesho ezidibeneyo zijongana noku kudityaniswa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze ungaze uphulukane nokuthobela imithetho.
