I-Hypoxia Kwezindiza - Umhlahlandlela Ophelele #1 Wezimpawu, Imiphumela kanye Nokuphepha Kwabashayeli Bezindiza

I-Hypoxia ezindizeni ingenye yezinsongo ezinganakwa kakhulu ekuphepheni kwabashayeli bezindiza. Ayibangi umsindo, ayibangeli ama-alamu, futhi ezimweni eziningi—ayikuniki isixwayiso ngaphambi kokuba isuse ikhono lakho lokucabanga, lokubona, noma lokwenza okuthile.

At ama-altitudes okuhamba ngomkhumbi, amazinga omoya-mpilo aphansi kakhulu kunasezingeni lolwandle. Njengoba ukhuphuka phezulu, ubuchopho bakho nemisipha yakho kuqala ukulamba ngaphandle komoya-mpilo owengeziwe—yize ungase uzizwe “uphilile” okwamanje. Yilokho okwenza i-hypoxia ibe yingozi kangaka: ngesikhathi kuvela izimpawu, ungase ube usuvele ukhubazekile kakhulu ukuba usindise indiza.

Kusukela ekuboneni okufiphele kanye nokudideka kuya ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kokuqwasha, i-hypoxia ingakhubaza umshayeli onekhono eliphelele ngemizuzwana—ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-18,000. Futhi ngokungafani nokwehluleka kwemishini, akukho uhlu lokuhlola olusiza uma ubuchopho bakho bungasasebenzi kahle.

Lo mhlahlandlela uhlanganisa konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-hypoxia ezindizeni—isayensi engemuva kwayo, izimpawu okudingeka uzibone, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-hypoxia, okufanele ukwenze endizeni, nokuthi ungazivikela kanjani njengomshayeli wendiza ochwepheshe noma ofisayo.

Ngoba ezindizeni, ukuqwashisa akuyona into ongayikhetha. Kungukusinda.

Iyini i-Hypoxia Ezindiza?

I-Hypoxia ezindizani kubhekisela esimweni lapho umzimba womshayeli wendiza untula khona umoya-mpilo owanele lapho uphakeme. Nakuba umoya-mpilo ungase ube khona emoyeni, ingcindezi engaphelele iyancipha njengoba ukuphakama kukhuphuka, okusho ukuthi amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukumunca umoya-mpilo owanele egazini—ngisho noma uphefumula ngendlela evamile.

Kalula nje, umzimba wakho uyaphefumula, kodwa ubuchopho bakho buyacinana.

Ezingeni lolwandle, ukugcwala komoya-mpilo kucishe kube ngu-98–100%. Kodwa ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-10,000, umoya uba “mncane,” futhi ama-molecule omoya-mpilo asakazeke kakhulu ukuba asekele ukusebenza okuvamile kobuchopho nomzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, abashayeli bezindiza baqala ukuzwa ukusebenza kwengqondo okonakele, ukwahlulela okuphazamisekile, amakhono okunyakaza anciphile, kanye nokusabela okulibazisekile—konke lokhu kumakhono abalulekile e-cockpit.

Uma ukhuphuka kakhulu, le miphumela ishesha kakhulu. Yingakho ukundiza endaweni ephakeme—ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-12,500—kudinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe kanye nokuqapha ngokucophelela ingcindezi yegumbi, ubude besikhathi, kanye nemishini.

Ezindizeni, i-hypoxia akuyona into ecatshangelwayo. Kuyingozi yangempela nehlala ikhona kokubili ezindizeni ezingacindezelwanga kanye nalapho kwenzeka ukwehluleka kokucindezela ezindizeni ezinkulu. Ukuqaphela kusenesikhathi—nokuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha—kungasho umehluko phakathi kokwehla okulawulwayo nokulahlekelwa okuphelele kwendiza.

Kungani Abashayeli Bezindiza Kumelwe Baqonde I-Hypoxia

Abashayeli bezindiza baqeqeshwe ukuphatha izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukusabela ezimweni eziphuthumayo, nokwenza izinqumo zokuphila noma ukufa ngemizuzwana. Kodwa akukho lutho olubalulekile uma i-hypoxia ikhubaza buthule ubuchopho bakho lapho buphakeme.

Ngokungafani ukwehluleka kwenjini yendiza noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu, i-hypoxia ayifiki nezibani zokuxwayisa. Ingena kancane kancane—ithinta umbono wakho, inkumbulo, ukuhlangana, kanye nokwahlulela—ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Yingakho kuyingozi kangaka: ubuchopho bakho buyisistimu yokuqala ukwehluleka, futhi yehluleka buthule.

Izifundo ze-FAA kanye neziphathimandla zezindiza zempi zibonisa ukuthi ngisho nabashayeli bezindiza abanolwazi bavame ukuphuthelwa izimpawu zokuqala zokuntuleka komoya-mpilo. Emisebenzini ephakeme, umkhawulo phakathi kokusebenza okuvamile nokukhubazeka okuphelele ungaba mfushane njengoba I-20 kuya kumasekhondi angu-30—ikakhulukazi ezindlini zokugibela imikhumbi ezingenawo umfutho noma ngesikhathi sokulahlekelwa umfutho wekhabhini ekuphakameni kohambo.

Imiphumela inzima kakhulu:

• Ukuthatha izinqumo ezingalungile ngesikhathi sokwehla
• Izimpendulo ezibambezelekile ku- ATC noma izinsimbi
• Ukungazi lutho ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe isinyathelo sokulungisa

Ukuqonda i-hypoxia ezindizeni akukhona nje ukuphasa isivivinyo sethiyori—kumayelana nokuhlonyiswa ngengqondo ukuze kutholakale futhi kuphendulwe kwenye yezinsongo ezithule nezibulalayo umshayeli wendiza azobhekana nazo.

Izinhlobo ze-Hypoxia kubashayeli bezindiza bangase bazizwe

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko ze-hypoxia ezindizeni, futhi ngayinye ithinta umzimba ngendlela ehlukile. Ukuqaphela imbangela kubalulekile—hhayi nje kuphela ekusindeni, kodwa nasekusebenziseni impendulo efanele ephuthumayo endaweni ephakeme.

Nazi izinhlobo ezine ze-hypoxia ezindizeni wonke umshayeli wendiza okufanele azi:

1. I-Hypoxia Engenawo Amandla (Okuhlobene Nokuphakama)

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu olutholakala ezindizeni. Kwenzeka uma kungekho umoya-mpilo owanele emkhathini, ngokuvamile ezindaweni eziphakeme. Njengoba ukhuphuka ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10,000, umfutho womoya uyehla, futhi amaphaphu akho awakwazi ukumunca umoya-mpilo owanele egazini—yize uphefumula ngendlela evamile.

Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kwenzeke ku indiza engacindezelwanga noma ngesikhathi sokwehluleka kokucindezela kwekhabhini okungaphezu kwamafidi angu-12,500.

2. I-Hypoxia Ephakeme Kakhulu (Inkinga Yokuthuthwa Komoya-mpilo)

Kulesi simo, amaphaphu athola umoya-mpilo owanele, kodwa igazi alikwazi ukuwuthwala kahle. Imbangela evame kakhulu ubuthi be-carbon monoxide—obungangena ekhabetheni ngokuvuza komoya noma umoya ongemuhle endizeni enenjini ye-piston.

Lolu hlobo luyingozi kakhulu ngoba izimpawu zingavela ngaphandle kokushintsha kokuphakama, futhi izifihla-moya zomoya-mpilo zingase zingayishintshi ngokuphelele imiphumela.

3. I-Hypoxia Engaguquki (Ukugeleza kwegazi okubi)

Lapha, umoya-mpilo ukhona egazini—kodwa awulethwa kahle ezicutshini ngenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okulinganiselwe. Izimbangela zifaka phakathi isikhathi eside sokungakwazi ukuhamba, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi okubangelwa ukubanda, noma amandla e-G amaningi ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuhamba okubukhali.

Kuvamile ekundizeni okuhamba ngendiza, ukujika ngesivinini esikhulu, noma ngisho nasezigabeni zohambo olude ngaphandle kokunyakaza.

4. I-Hypoxia Eyingozi Kakhulu (Ukuphazamiseka Kweselula)

Ngale ndlela, umoya-mpilo ufinyelela emaseli, kodwa amaseli awakwazi ukuwusebenzisa. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa izinto ezifana notshwala, izidakamizwa, noma ubuthi obuthile obuphazamisa ukuphefumula kwamaseli.

Ngisho noma ngabe kukhona umoya-mpilo ongu-100%, umuntu ohlolwa yi-histotoxic hypoxia uhlala ephazamisekile.

Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo ezine ze-hypoxia ezindizeni kusiza abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi babone umsuka wenkinga ngokushesha—futhi bakhethe isinyathelo esifanele sokulungisa ngaphambi kokuba sekwephuze kakhulu.

Izimpawu ze-Hypoxia Ezindizeni

Into eyingozi kakhulu nge-hypoxia ezindizeni ukuthi ivame ukungena ingabonwa. Abashayeli bezindiza bangase bazizwe beqaphile futhi besebenza kahle—kuyilapho ubuchopho babo sebuvele bulahlekelwa ukusebenza okubalulekile. Yingakho ukuqashelwa kwezimpawu kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngokuphakama, ubude bokuchayeka, kanye nempilo yomuntu ngamunye. Abekho abashayeli ababili ababhekana ne-hypoxia ngendlela efanayo, okwenza ukuzazi nokuqeqeshwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izimpawu Ezivamile Zokuqala:

• Ukukhanya okukhanyayo
• Injabulo noma umuzwa wokunganqotshwa
• Ukuqaqamba kweminwe noma izinzwane
• Umbono womhubhe noma umbono ofiphele
• Ukubunzima ukugxila
• Ukuphelelwa umoya
• Ukungasebenzisani kahle
• Inkulumo emisiwe
• I-Cyanosis (izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma izinzipho)

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala ukubonakala ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10,000, ikakhulukazi ezindizeni ezingenawo umoya-mpilo owengeziwe.

Isikhathi Sokuqaphela Okuwusizo (TUC)

I-TUC ibhekisela esikhathini lapho umshayeli wendiza esengacabanga futhi enze kahle ngemva kokuqala kokuntula umoya-mpilo. Uma ukuphakama kuphakeme, isikhathi siba sifushane.

Nasi ishadi elifushane lokubhekisela:

Uma uphakeme ngamamitha angu-35,000, ungase ube nomzuzu ongaphansi kowodwa wokuqaphela ukuntuleka komoya emoyeni bese uthatha isinyathelo—ngaphambi kokuba ungakwazi nhlobo ukuphendula.

Wonke umshayeli wendiza kumele azi ukuthi umzimba wakhe usabela kanjani. Yingakho ezinye izikole zezindiza kanye nezinhlelo zempi zifaka ukuqeqeshwa kwegumbi lokuphakama—ukusiza abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi babone “iminwe yabo ye-hypoxia” yomuntu siqu.

Amasu Okuqeqesha Nokuqaphela I-Hypoxia

Njengoba izimpawu ze-hypoxia ezindizeni ziyahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu, abashayeli bezindiza kumele badlulele ngale kolwazi lwezincwadi futhi empeleni babhekane nesimo endaweni ephephile nelawulwayo. Yilapho ukuqeqeshwa kwe-hypoxia kungena khona.

Lolu hlobo lokuqeqeshwa luklanyelwe ukusiza abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi babone izimpawu zabo ezihlukile ze-hypoxia—ngaphambi kokuba babhekane nazo emoyeni.

Ukuqeqeshwa Kwegumbi Lokuphakama

Enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokuqwashisa nge-hypoxia ukuqeqeshwa kwegumbi lokuphakama. Abashayeli bezindiza bafakwa endaweni evaliwe, enomfutho ophansi okulingisa ukundiza okuphezulu ngaphandle komoya-mpilo owengeziwe.

Ngesikhathi seseshini, izifihla-buso zomoya-mpilo zisuswa isikhashana ukuze kubangele i-hypoxia encane. Abashayeli bezindiza baqashwe ngokucophelela njengoba izimpawu ziqala ukuvela—ukwesasa, ukudideka, ukusabela okuhamba kancane—bese bebuyiselwa umoya-mpilo ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho.

Lokhu kudala inkumbulo ehlala njalo yokuthi i-hypoxia izwakala kanjani ezindizeni, okuvumela abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi bayibone ngokushesha ezimweni zangempela zendiza.

Umbukiso Ongavaliwe Ngesifihla-buso

Kwabashayeli bezindiza abavamile abangenawo amakamelo okuphakama aphelele, ezinye izikhungo zokuqeqesha zinikeza imiboniso yokuvala imaski kusetshenziswa izilingisi ze-hypoxia eziphathwayo. Nakuba zingenamandla kangako, lezi zisazisa umshayeli wezindiza izimpawu eziyisisekelo ezifana nokuphambuka kokubona, ukucabanga okulibazisekile, nokuphefumula okungajulile.

Ukuzilungisa Kwengqondo Nokuzichaza

Ukuqwashisa nge-hypoxia akukhona nje ngokomzimba—kungokwengqondo. Abashayeli bezindiza baqeqeshwe ukuzihlola, ukulandelela isikhathi sokusabela, nokwenza imisebenzi elula (njengezinkinga zezibalo noma ukubhala ngesandla) ngenkathi i-hypoxia iqala. Lokhu kuzivocavoca kusiza abashayeli bezindiza ukuthi babhale izimpawu zabo zesixwayiso zakuqala ukuze bakwazi ukwenza okuthile ngaphambi kokuba bakhubazeke.

Ezikhungweni eziningi zezindiza zempi nezentengiselwano, ukuqeqeshwa kokuqaphela i-hypoxia manje sekujwayelekile. Futhi njengoba i-hypoxia ezindizeni iba yinkinga yokuphepha eyaziwayo ezindizeni ezivamile, lokhu kuqeqeshwa sekuyinto edingekayo ngokushesha—ngisho nakubashayeli bezindiza abajwayelekile abandiza ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10,000.

Izenzo Ezisheshayo Zokungezwani Ne-Hypoxia Endizeni

Ukuqaphela i-hypoxia ezindizeni kuyingxenye yempi kuphela. Uma izimpawu sezivele, isinyathelo esisheshayo sibalulekile—ngoba ungase ube nesikhathi esingaphansi komzuzu ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi wokuqonda wehle uye emazingeni ayingozi noma kwenzeke ukukhubazeka okuphelele.

Nakhu kanye lokho abashayeli bezindiza abaqeqeshwe ukukwenza:

1. Faka i-oxygen — Ngokushesha

Isinyathelo sokuqala nesibaluleke kakhulu ukubuyisela ukugeleza komoya-mpilo. Uma ungakagqoki imaski, yivikele ngokushesha. Izinhlelo eziningi zomoya-mpilo zezindiza zinemaski yokudinga noma yokugeleza njalo—sebenzisa noma yini etholakalayo. Ezindizeni eziphakeme kakhulu, lesi sinyathelo asinakuxoxiswana ngaso.

Okubalulekile: Ungachithi isikhathi uxazulula inkinga kuqala. I-oksijini ivuliwe, bese uxilonga.

2. Qala Ukwehla Okuphuthumayo

Uma ungaphezu kwamamitha angu-12,500 endizeni engacindezelwanga—noma uma ukwehluleka kokucindezela kube khona—yehla uye endaweni ephakeme yokuphefumula ngokushesha nangokuphepha ngangokunokwenzeka. Inhloso ivame ukuba ngaphansi kwamamitha angu-10,000.

Sebenzisa amabhuleki esivinini noma amaphrofayili okwehla okuphuthumayo uma etholakala. Isikhathi sinqunyelwe, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-25,000.

3. Memezela Isimo Esiphuthumayo

Uma umoya-mpilo usubuyiselwe futhi ukwehla sekuqalile, yazisa i-ATC ngokushesha. Sebenzisa izingcingo zomsakazo ezijwayelekile:

"I-Mayday, i-Mayday, i-Mayday - ibhekene nokuntuleka kwe-hypoxia okusolwayo, yehlela kumamitha ayi-10,000."

Lokhu kuxwayisa abalawuli nezindiza eziseduze, okuvumela ukuhlukaniswa kwesikhala somoya kanye nokuxhumana okuphuthumayo.

4. Izinsimbi Nezinhlelo Zokuhlola Okuphambene

Ngemva kokuqinisa indiza endaweni ephakeme ephephile, qinisekisa:

• Umfutho wekhabhini (uma kusebenza)
• Isimo sesistimu ye-oksijini
• Isimo somgibeli (ezindaweni ezinamaqembu amaningi noma ezilungiselelweni zezindiza)

Izehlakalo ze-Hypoxia zingaphenduka zibe yizimo eziphuthumayo zesistimu eziyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke izinhla zokuhlola zangemuva kokululama zibalulekile.

Khumbula: Ezimweni ze-hypoxia ezindizeni, ukubambezeleka kokuphendula kungaholela ekukhubazekeni okuphelele. I-oksijini kumele ize kuqala—ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, izingxoxo, noma ukuxilongwa.

Ukuvimbela Nokunciphisa Abashayeli Bezindiza

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokusinda ekuntulekeni kwe-hypoxia ezindizeni iwukungavumeli ukuthi iqale. Ukuvimbela akugcini nje ngokuba hlakaniphile—kuphephile, kuyashesha, futhi kuyingxenye yalokho okuhlukanisa uchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe kongakulungele.

Nansi indlela abashayeli bezindiza abahlakaniphile abanciphisa ngayo ingozi ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu:

Hlela Ukuphakama Kwakho Ngokuphathelene Nokusetshenziswa Kwe-Oxygen

Ezindizeni ezingenangcindezi, ingozi ye-hypoxia ezindizeni iqala iphansi njenge Izinyawo ze-10,000—ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokundiza isikhathi eside. Uma uhlela ukundiza ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-12,500 isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30, noma 14,000 ft noma ngaphezulu nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo kuba yimpoqo ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-DGCA kanye ne-FAA.

Icebiso: Ungathembeli "ku-buffer yemizuzu engama-30." Sebenzisa umoya-mpilo ngendlela efanele—ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokundiza ebusuku, lapho izimpawu ziqala khona kusenesikhathi.

Hlola Uhlelo Lwakho Lwe-Oxygen Ngaphambi Kokundiza Ngakunye

Amamaski angasebenzi kahle, ama-valve avuzayo, noma amasilinda aphelelwe amandla yizinto ezivame ukubangela i-hypoxia endizeni. Njalo qinisekisa:

• Ingcindezi yesilinda
• Izixhumanisi ze-Hose
• Umsebenzi wokulawula
• Ukuvala imaski nokulingana kwayo

Hlola uhlelo ngaphambi kokuhamba—hhayi ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo.

Gwema Izinto Ezinciphisa Ukusetshenziswa Kwe-Oksijini

Utshwala, imithi yokudambisa ukucindezeleka, ngisho nemithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela efana nama-antihistamine kungandisa ukuzwela komzimba wakho ku-hypoxia. Kunjalo nangokubhema—i-carbon monoxide ibopha i-hemoglobin futhi ivimbele ukuthuthwa komoya-mpilo, okuholela ku-hypoxia e-hypoxia.

Umthetho obalulekile: Hlala uhlanzekile, umanzi, futhi ubukhali—ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuhamba ngezinyawo ezindaweni eziphakeme noma ezinde.

Gcina Ukuqina Komzimba Nokujikeleza Kwegazi

Impilo enhle yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi ithuthukisa ikhono lakho lokubekezelela amazinga aphansi omoya-mpilo. Ukuhlala usebenza emoyeni (uma kuphephile), ukugwema amabhande esihlalo aqinile isikhathi eside, nokugcina ukuhamba kwegazi kusiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuntuleka kwe-hypoxia engami.

Egumbini lokugibela indiza, ukuvimbela kungcono njalo kunokusabela. Uma uzilungiselela kakhulu phansi, mancane amathuba okuthi uzobhekana ne-hypoxia endizeni lapho kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izindinganiso Zokulawula Nezincomo

I-Hypoxia ezindizeni ithathwa njengento ebalulekile yiziphathimandla zezindiza emhlabeni wonke. Kusukela ezidingweni zelayisensi kuya ekusetshenzisweni komoya-mpilo endaweni ephakeme, imithetho yenzelwe ukuvikela abashayeli bezindiza ekulahlekelweni ukuqwashisa lapho bekudinga kakhulu.

Imithethonqubo ye-DGCA (e-India)

I-DGCA iyalela ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo okwengeziwe okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-10,000 ukuphakama kwekhabhini ezindizeni ezinde. Kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-14,000, abashayeli bezindiza kumele babe nomoya-mpilo njalo. Ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-15,000, umoya-mpilo kumele utholakale nakwabagibeli.

Izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezivunyiwe yi-DGCA kumele zifake imiyalelo yokubona nokuphatha i-hypoxia ezindizeni, futhi abaqhubi bezentengiselwano kudingeka bagcine izinhlelo ze-oxygen zisesimweni esihle ngaphambi kohambo ngalunye.

Iziqondiso ze-FAA (e-United States)

I-FAA ichaza izidingo ze-oxygen ngaphansi I-14 CFR § 91.211, enemingcele efanayo. Abashayeli bezindiza kumele basebenzise umoya-mpilo ongaphezu kwamamitha angu-12,500 uma behamba emoyeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-14,000. Umoya-mpilo kumele unikezwe wonke umuntu ogibele kuwo ongaphezu kwamamitha angu-15,000.

I-FAA ikhuthaza bonke abashayeli bezindiza abasendaweni ephakeme ukuthi baqeqeshwe egumbini lokuphakama noma ekuzilolongeni ukuze babone izimpawu zakuqala futhi baqonde imikhawulo yabo yokubekezelelana.

Izindinganiso ze-ICAO kanye ne-EASA

Emhlabeni jikelele, i-ICAO kanye ne-EASA ziyasekela lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha. Ukuqwashisa nge-hypoxia kuyingxenye edingekayo yokuqeqeshwa kwabashayeli bezindiza bezentengiselwano emazweni amaningi, futhi ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezinhlelo ze-oxygen kuyimfuneko ezindizeni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ngamafuphi, izinhlaka zomthetho kuzo zonke iziphathimandla ezinkulu zezindiza ziphatha i-hypoxia njengosongo olungavinjelwa—futhi zibophezele abashayeli bezindiza kanye nabaqhubi ngokuhlala bephambi kwayo.

Izehlakalo Zangempela Ezihlobene Ne-Hypoxia

I-Hypoxia ezindizeni akuyona ingozi ecatshangelwayo—iholele ezingozini eziningi ezibulalayo kokubili emisebenzini yezentengiselwano kanye neyangasese. Lezi zimo zembula ukuthi ukushoda komoya-mpilo kungakhula ngokushesha kangakanani kube ukukhubazeka okuphelele, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kosuku olulodwa.

Indiza ye-Helios Airways 522 (2005)

Esinye sezimo ezibuhlungu kakhulu nezifundwe kabanzi, I-Helios Airways Flight 522 Isuke eCyprus inesimiso sokucindezela esingakahlelwanga kahle. Njengoba indiza ikhuphuka, abasebenzi baba nesifo sofuba ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Balahlekelwa ingqondo, futhi indiza yaqhubeka nokuzishayela ngokwayo isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili ngaphambi kokuphahlazeka eGrisi—kwashona bonke abantu abangu-121 ababesesikebheni.

Lesi sigameko saholela ezinguqukweni ezinkulu ekuqeqeshweni kwezindiza maqondana nokuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kanye nokuqashelwa kwe-hypoxia.

I-Payne Stewart Learjet Crash (1999)

Kuleli cala elidumile lase-US, I-Learjet ilahlekelwe umfutho wekhabethe endaweni ephakeme. Abashayeli bezindiza nabagibeli balahlekelwa ingqondo ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo okungabonakali, futhi indiza yandiza ngokuzenzakalelayo amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-1,500 ngaphambi kokuphahlazeka eSouth Dakota. I-ATC yazama ukuxhumana isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora—ngaphandle kwempendulo.

Abaphenyi baphetha ngokuthi i-hypoxia ezindizeni yayikhubaze wonke umuntu owayesesikebheni ngemizuzu embalwa.

Izindiza Ezijwayelekile: Ingozi Ethule Ezindizeni Ezingenangcindezi

Izingozi eziningi zezindiza ezivamile zitholakale zibangelwa yi-hypoxia engatholakali, ikakhulukazi ezindizeni ezincane ezingenawo umfutho ezisebenza ngamamitha angu-12,500 noma ngaphezulu. Ezimweni eziningi, umshayeli wendiza wayephuza ukwehla noma akazange azibone izimpawu kwaze kwaba sekwephuzile.

Intambo evamile: akukho ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo, akukho ukucindezela kwekhabhini, akukho ukungenelela kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

Lezi zinhlekelele zigcizelela iqiniso elilula: ukuqwashisa kanye nesenzo yikho konke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi undiza izindiza noma izindiza ezincane, ukwazi izimpawu ze-hypoxia ezindizeni nokusabela ngokushesha kungavimbela inhlekelele.

Isiphetho - Yazi Izingozi, Uphephe Kakhulu Ngendiza

I-Hypoxia ezindizeni ingenye yezinsongo ezimbalwa ezingakhubaza umshayeli wendiza osebenza ngokugcwele ngaphansi komzuzu owodwa—ngaphandle komsindo, ukukhanya okuxwayisayo, noma ukwehluleka komshini. Futhi ngokungafani nezinkinga zenjini noma amaphutha kagesi, ihlose ngqo into eyodwa umshayeli wendiza ayidinga kakhulu: ikhono lokucabanga ngokucacile nokwenza ngokushesha.

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle? Kungavinjelwa ngokuphelele.

Ngokuqeqeshwa okufanele, ukuhlolwa kwesistimu ye-oxygen, kanye nokuhlela ukuphakama, abashayeli bezindiza bangandiza ngokuphephile ngisho nasezindaweni eziphakeme. Ukuqaphela izimpawu zokuqala, ukuqonda imikhawulo yakho, nokulandela isiqondiso somthetho yikona okuhlukanisa abaqhubi abaphephile nezibalo ezingagwenywa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi undiza wedwa eCessna ngamafidi angu-12,500 noma ulawula ukucindezeleka endiza esebenza kahle, ukuqaphela i-hypoxia ezindizeni akugcini nje ngokuhlakanipha—kubalulekile.

Hlala uqaphile. Hlala uqeqeshwe. Futhi hlala uhlonipha umoya owuphefumulayo.

Xhumana nethimba le-Florida Flyers Flight Academy namuhla ku I-91 (0) 1171 816622 ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-Private Pilot Ground School Course.

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